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Ancient history of India is hugely magnificent, affluent and diverse. It begins with stone Age, which is a broad prehistoric time with no clear geographical demarcation. The mesolithic period saw the permanent settlements in the rock shelters of bhimbetka in what today constitutes the state of Madhya Pradesh. ancient India was the meeting ground of the East and the West and subject to innumerable invasions from various parts of the world. The Greeks, Persians, Chinese, Arabs, Portuguese, British and other invaders had their way with the land, yet the local Hindu kingdoms invariably survived their ravage, and managed to live out their own sagas of conquest and collapse. The Aryans migrated into the Indian subcontinent from the north-west and settled in the saptasindhu region while adapting to the prevailing Indian culture. It was around 2nd century B.C., and in the ancient history of India, It is known as the Vedic civilization. It was followed by the rise of kingdoms known as Mahajanapadas and their Mauryan empire, the sunga, Kanva and Andhra dynasties, then those of the Gupta and their successors, the most important of whom was Harsha Vardhana.