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Bitter gourd, also known as bitter melon or karela, is a tropical vegetable known for its distinctive bitter flavor and health benefits.1. **Variety**: There are different varieties, such as 'Indian,' 'Chinese,' and 'Taiwanese,' with varying shapes, sizes, and bitterness levels. 2. **Seed Appearance**: Seeds are typically oval or round, with a rough, textured surface. They are usually brown or dark brown.3. **Planting Season**: Bitter gourd thrives in warm climates and should be planted after the last frost when temperatures consistently exceed 70°F (21°C).4. **Soil Requirements**: Prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.5. **Planting Depth**: Sow seeds about 1 inch deep.6. **Spacing**: Space seeds or seedlings 12-18 inches apart to accommodate the plant's sprawling growth.7. **Germination**: Bitter gourd seeds typically germinate within 10-15 days, depending on soil temperature and moisture.8. **Growing Conditions**: Requires full sun and regular watering. It is a climbing plant, so provide a trellis or support for its vigorous growth.Bitter gourd is valued for its high vitamin C content and potential medicinal properties. It’s often grown in tropical and subtropical regions.