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Chilli, also spelled chili or chili pepper, refers to the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum. These fruits vary widely in shape, size, color, and spiciness, ranging from mild to extremely hot. Chilli peppers are a staple ingredient in cuisines around the world, especially in Latin American, Indian, Thai, and Mexican dishes. They are known for their pungent flavor and heat, which comes from the compound capsaicin found in varying concentrations within different types of chillies. Capsaicin is responsible for the spicy sensation when eaten, which can range from a subtle warmth to intense heat that stimulates the taste buds and releases endorphins. Chilli peppers are also valued for their nutritional content, including high levels of vitamins A and C, and are used fresh, dried, or ground into spice powders to add flavor and heat to a wide range of dishes.