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This handbook series serve as hormones growth regulators and sensory compounds for growth development and reproduction of insects plants and microorganisms. Others are useful for defense or attack against other species or organisms. Once these chemicals or their analogs and derivatives are applied by external means to the same (where produced) or different species they come under the label pesticides because they contaminate the environment. Therefore they are subject to regulatory requirements in the same way the other pesticides are handled before they are used commercially. However it is anticipated that the naturally occurring pesticides would easily meet the regulatory and environmental requirements for their safe and effective use in pest control programs. In a handbook series of this type with diversified subjects dealing with plant insect and microbial compounds it is very difficult to achieve either uniformity or complete coverage while putting the subject matter together. This goal was achieved to a large extent with the understanding and full cooperation of chapter contributors who deserve appreciation. About the Author N. Bhushan Mandava holds B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in chemistry and has published over 110 papers including a U.S. patent several monographs and reviews and a book in the areas of pesticides and growth regulators and other natural products. He is now Senior Science Advisor to the Assistant Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Formerly he was associated with the U.S. Department of Agriculture as a Research Chemist. He is active in several professional organizations serving as Councilor of the American Chemical Society and President of the Chemical Society of Washington. Dr. Mandavas current research interests include analytical methods development for and application to pesticides and plant growth regulators. He has been active in the isolation of naturally occurring pesticides. He has recently edited a special issue on countercurrent chromatography for the Journal of Liquid Chromatography for which he serves as editorial.