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Bamboo, “The poor man’s timber”, is one of the most important forestry species distributed throughout the India and has major contribution to the rural and national economy. Bamboo is an important livelihood for rural people and traditional workers. Apart from industrial and commercial uses, bamboo is widely used as building material and extensively used in construction of houses, walls, roofing material etc. Climate change is a immediate and unprecedented threat to the food security and income of hundreds of millions of people who depends on agriculture/forest for their livelihoods. Climate change will cause yield decline and health hazards, with South Asia particularly hard hit. In recent years, with the looming threat of global warming, there is much interest in bamboo as a carbon sink. Bamboo stands can achieve total standing biomass comparable to tree forests and are capable of sequestering substantial amounts of carbon. Inter-mast periods in bamboos, though thought of as species specific and rigid, is not the case in many. The present book titled “Ecological Management of Bamboo Resource in India” has covered rehabilitation, sustainable management, policy issues, reproductive biology and biotechnology, pest and diseases management, status of bamboo and rattan, entrepreneurship development, silvi-agricultural and agroforestry, storage and longevity of seeds, genetic resources for food security, ecological, economic and social problems, taxonomic identification of bamboo resource in different states of the country. The publication would certainly be significant for evolving right directions and new dimensions for ecosystem management and climate change. Besides, this publication would be of vital use for Foresters, Scientific communities, Environmentalists, Academicians, Industrialists, Policy makers, NGO’s and other Stakeholders engaged in community development through conservation of bamboo resource and climate change.