3 Review(s)

Highlights the application of freeze-drying to pharmaceuticals, illustrating practical and industry-tested methods of preserving and reactivating delicate biologicals and biochemicals. The text discusses the basic principles and engineering aspects of lyophilization, and also the role of bulking agents, cryoprotectants, antioxidants, free radicals, and other products that protect the biological integrity of active substances during freezing, drying and storage.