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Government and Politics in India : Issue Areas: Government and Politics in India : State Administration : Central Administration : Municipal Governance. AS DETAILS : India is a Sovereign, Secular, Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary form of Government. The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th November 1950. The Constitution advocated the trinity of justice, liberty and equality for all the citizens. The Constitution was framed keeping in mind the socioeconomic progress of the country. India follows a parliamentary form of democracy and the government is federal in structure. In Indian political system, the President is the constitutional head of the executive of the Union of India. The real executive power is with the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. India, with a population of more than one billion, is the world's largest democracy. Indian polity consists of three main branches, namely the executive, legislature and the judiciary along with subsidiary branches like political parties, statutory institutions etc. The effort here is to provide a better understanding of current problems and developments. The approach is entirely non-partisan and different aspects of the issue and different view-points find free expression.