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Banking is the backbone of any economy, providing financial intermediation, enabling credit flow, and supporting economic growth. In India, the evolution of banking laws reflects the country’s transition from a colonial economy to a liberalized and digitally driven financial system. This book, Handbook on Banking Laws in India: Legal Framework and Contemporary Issues, aims to offer a comprehensive yet accessible overview of the legal and regulatory framework governing the Indian banking sector.The book is structured in five parts. It begins with t he historical evolution of banking in India, followed by an in-depth discussion of core legal statutes such as the Banking Regulation Act, the RBI Act, and the Negotiable Instruments Act. It further explores the roles of regulatory bodies like RBI, SEBI, and IRDAI. Contemporary issues such as NPAs, banking frauds, fintech, digital banking, and cyber law are examined in detail. A comparative perspective is also provided through international practices and key judicial decisions.This book is intended for legal professionals, students, scholars, and anyone interested in banking law and policy. I am thankful to my mentors, colleagues, and family for their support. Feedback and suggestions for improvement are warmly welcomed.