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This work establishes a link between human physiological functions and social representations. Centred on the concern of balance equally important in the society of ancient India and China as in France, the author questions human behaviour over the centuries.  It appears that the societies at high risk, such as our modern societies, develop, in particular, four functional, extra-organic prostheses, namely, metabolic, neuropsychic, immunological and elimination, around which social constructions are built. The societies at low risk, like that of the former French regime, adopt a tripartite model like that of Dumézil. Yet, the ancient Indian social system, originally quadripartite, has evolved over the centuries towards a tripartite model.  What are the reasons which prompted the ancient Indians to establish a system of social quadripartition? Was it for the sake of prevention? Were they theorists? Who is this message intended for? What is the conclusion regarding the evolution of our society?  If the Indians developed a social system based on the balance of functions, wouldn’t it be possible to suggest a definition of prevention and to put forward the model of a health system based on both the management of the autonomous regulation of the body and its functions? About The Author Having the Certificates of Specialised Studies (CES) and University Diplomas (DU) focused on prevention (CES of Occupational Medicine, Biology and Sports Medicine, Aeronautical Medicine and DU Radiation Protection), Dr. Bernard JOUANJEAN is currently doctor of prevention for the College de France and the workplace doctor for a large telecommunications group. Within the framework of a university diploma in tropical medicine conducted at Centre Léon MBA (Claude Bernard Hospital), he became interested in nutrition in developing countries. Additionally, conducting a private practice in nutrition, he endeavours to define prevention within a very broad framework. Having a diploma of advanced studies (DEA) in Human Resources (École HEC-CNAM), he sought to develop a health system according to a physiological approach to prevention.