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Why reinvent the wheel every time you run into a problem with JavaScript? This cookbook is chock-full of code recipes that address common programming tasks, as well as techniques for building web apps that work in any browser. Just copy and paste the code samples into your project -- you’ll get the job done faster and learn more about JavaScript in the process. You'll also learn how to take advantage of the latest features in ECMAScript 5 and HTML5, including the new cross-domain widget communication technique, HTML5's video and audio elements, and the drawing canvas. You'll find recipes for using these features with JavaScript to build high-quality application interfaces. Create interactive web and desktop applications Work with JavaScript objects, such as String, Array, Number, and Math Use JavaScript with Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) and the canvas element Store data in various ways, from the simple to the complex Program the new HTML5 audio and video elements Implement concurrent programming with Web Workers Use and create jQuery plug-ins Use ARIA and JavaScript to create fully accessible rich internet applications About the Author Shelley Powers has been working with and writing about web technologies--from the first release of JavaScript to the latest graphics and design tools--for more than 15 years. Her recent O'Reilly books have covered the semantic web, Ajax, JavaScript, and web graphics. She's an avid amateur photographer and web development aficionado. Table of Contents Chapter 1 Working with JavaScript Strings Introduction Concatenating Two or More Strings Concatenating a String and Another Data Type Conditionally Comparing Strings Finding a Substring in a String Extracting a Substring from a String Checking for an Existing, Nonempty String Breaking a Keyword String into Separate Keywords Inserting Special Characters Processing Individual Lines of a textarea Trimming Whitespace from the Ends of a String Left- or Right-Pad a String Chapter 2 Using Regular Expressions Introduction Testing Whether a Substring Exists Testing for Case-Insensitive Substring Matches Validating a Social Security Number Finding and Highlighting All Instances of a Pattern Replacing Patterns with New Strings Swap Words in a String Using Capturing Parentheses Using Regular Expressions to Trim Whitespace Replace HTML Tags with Named Entities Searching for Special Characters Chapter 3 Dates, Time, and Timers Introduction Printing Out Today’s Date Printing Out the UTC Date and Time Printing Out an ISO 8601 Formatted Date Converting an ISO 8601 Formatted Date to a Format Acceptable to the Date Object Creating a Specific Date Scheduling a Future Date Tracking Elapsed Time Creating a Timeout Creating Recurring Timers Using Function Closures with Timers Chapter 4 Working with Numbers and Math Introduction Keeping an Incremental Counter Converting a Decimal to a Hexadecimal Value Creating a Random Number Generator Randomly Generating Colors Converting Strings in a Table to Numbers Summing All Numbers in a Table Column Converting Between Degrees and Radians Find the Radius and Center of a Circle to Fit Within a Page Element Calculating the Length of a Circular Arc Chapter 5 Working with Arrays and Loops Introduction Looping Through an Array Creating a Multidimensional Array Creating a String from an Array Sorting an Array Store and Access Values in Order Store and Access Values in Reverse Order Create a New Array as a Subset of an Existing Array Searching Through an Array Flatten a Multidimensional Array Search and Remove or Replace Array Elements Applying a Function Against Each Array Element Applying a Function to Every Element in an Array and Returning a New Array Creating a Filtered Array Validating Array Contents Using an Associative Array to Store Form Element Names and Values Chapter 6 Building Reusability with JavaScript Functions Introduction Creating a Block of Reusable Code Passing Single Data Values to and from a Function Passing Complex Data Objects to a Function Creating a Dynamic Runtime Function Passing a Function As an Argument to Another Function Implementing a Recursive Algorithm Create a Function That Remembers Its State Improving Application Performance with a Generalized Currying Function Improve Application Performance with Memoization (Caching Calculations) Using an Anonymous Function to Wrap Global Variables Chapter 7 Handling Events Introduction Detecting When the Page Has Finished Loading Capturing the Location of a Mouse Click Event Using the Event Object Creating a Generic, Reusable Event Handler Function Canceling an Event Based on Changed Circumstance Preventing an Event from Propagating Through a Set of Nested Elements Capturing Keyboard Activity Using the New HTML5 Drag-and-Drop Using Safari Orientation Events and Other Mobile Development Environments Chapter 8 Browser Pieces Introduction Ask the Web Page Reader to Confirm an Action Creating a New, Stripped-Down Browser Window Finding Out About the Browser Accessing the Page Warning the Web Page Reader About Leaving a Page Changing Stylesheets Depending on Color Support Modifying Image Dimensions Depending on Page Size Creating Breadcrumbs in a CMS Template Page Bookmarking a Dynamic Page Preserving State for Back Button, Page Refresh Chapter 9 Form Elements and Validation Introduction Accessing Form Text Input Values Dynamically Disabling and Enabling Form Elements Getting Information from a Form Element Based on an Event Performing an Action When a Radio Button Is Clicked Checking for a Valid Phone Number Canceling a Form Submission Preventing Duplicate Form Submissions Hiding and Displaying Form Elements Modifying a Selection List Based on Other Form Decisions Chapter 10 Debugging and Error Handling Introduction Gracefully Handling No JavaScript Support Checking for Errors in Functions Using an Alert for Simple Debugging Catching an Error and Providing Graceful Error Handling Initiating Manageable Errors Using Firebug with Firefox Setting a Breakpoint and Examining Data with Firebug Firefox and the Console Using IE’s Built-in Debugger Setting a Breakpoint with IE Developer Tools Opera’s Dragonfly Setting a Breakpoint with Dragonfly Turning on Safari’s Development Tools Setting a Breakpoint with Safari’s Debugger Debugging in Chrome Chapter 11 Accessing Page Elements Introduction Access a Given Element and Find Its Parent and Child Elements Accessing All Images in the Web Page Discover All Images Within an Article Discover all Images in Articles Using the Selectors API Finding the Parent Element for a Group of Elements Highlighting the First Paragraph in Every Element Apply a Striping Theme to an Unordered List Creating an Array of All Elements of a Given Class Finding All Elements That Share an Attribute Finding All Checked Options Summing All the Values in a Table Row Get Element Attributes Get Style Information for an Element Chapter 12 Creating and Removing Elements and Attributes Introduction Using innerHTML: A Quick and Easy Approach to Adding Content Inserting Elements Before Existing Page Elements Appending a New Element to the End of a Page Triggering Older Versions of IE to Style New Elements Inserting a New Paragraph Adding Text to a New Paragraph Adding Attributes to an Existing Element Testing for a Boolean Attribute Removing an Attribute Moving a Paragraph Replacing Links with Footnote Bullets Adding Rows to an Existing Table Removing a Paragraph from a div Element Deleting Rows from an HTML Table Changing the Element’s CSS Style Properties Chapter 13 Working with Web Page Spaces Introduction Determining the Area of the Web Page Measuring Elements Locating Elements in the Page Hiding Page Sections Creating Collapsible Form Sections Adding a Page Overlay Creating Tab Pages Creating Hover-Based Pop-up Info Windows Collapsing or Resizing the Sidebar Chapter 14 Creating Interactive and Accessible Effects with JavaScript, CSS, and ARIA Introduction Displaying a Hidden Page Section Creating an Alert Message Highlighting Form Field with Missing or Incorrect Data Adding Keyboard Accessibility to a Page Overlay Creating Collapsible Form Sections Displaying a Flash of Color to Signal an Action Adding ARIA Attributes to a Tabbed Page Application Live Region Chapter 15 Creating Media Rich and Interactive Applications Introduction Creating Basic Shapes in Canvas (Using the canvas Element) Implementing Canvas Applications in IE Creating a Dynamic Line Chart in Canvas Adding JavaScript to an SVG File Accessing SVG from Web Page Script Emulating SVG in Internet Explorer Enable Interactive SVG Embedded in HTML Using the Math Functions to Create a Realistic, Ticking Analog Clock in SVG Integrating SVG and the Canvas Element in HTML Turning on WebGL Support in Firefox and WebKit/Safari Running a Routine When an Audio File Begins Playing Controlling Video from JavaScript with the video Element Chapter 16 JavaScript Objects Introduction Defining a Basic JavaScript Object Keeping Object Members Private Expanding Objects with prototype Adding Getter/Setter to Objects Inheriting an Object’s Functionality Extending an Object by Defining a New Property Enumerating an Object’s Properties Preventing Object Extensibility Preventing Object Additions and Changes to Property Descriptors Preventing Any Changes to an Object One-Off Objects and Namespacing Your JavaScript Rediscovering “this” with Prototype.bind Chaining Your Object’s Methods Chapter 17 JavaScript Libraries Introduction Packaging Your Code Testing Your Code with JsUnit Minify Your Library Hosting Your Library Using an External Library: Building on the jQuery Framework Using Existing jQuery Plug-ins Convert Your Library to a jQuery Plug-in Safely Combining Several Libraries in Your Applications Chapter 18 Communication Introduction Accessing the XMLHttpRequest Object Preparing the Data for Transmission Determining the Type of Query Call Adding a Callback Function to an Ajax Request Checking for an Error Condition Processing a Text Result Making an Ajax Request to Another Domain (Using JSONP) Populating a Selection List from the Server Using a Timer to Automatically Update the Page with Fresh Data Communicating Across Windows with PostMessage Chapter 19 Working with Structured Data Introduction Process an XML Document Returned from an Ajax Call Extracting Pertinent Information from an XML Tree Generate a JavaScript Object with JSON, Old-School Style Parse a JSON Formatted String Convert an Object to a Filtered/Transformed String with JSON Convert hCalendar Microformat Annotations into a Canvas Timeline Glean Page RDFa and Convert It into JSON Using rdfQuery and the jQuery RDF Plug-in Chapter 20 Persistence Introduction Attaching Persistent Information to URLs Creating a Cookie to Persist Information Across Pages Persisting Information Using the History.pushState Method and window.onpopevent Using sessionStorage for Client-Side Storage Creating a localStorage Client-Side Data Storage Item Persisting Data Using a Relational Data Store Chapter 21 JavaScript Outside the Box Introduction Creating a Browser Add-0n, Plug-in, or Extension Creating Desktop and Mobile Widgets Creating JavaScript Applications for the iPhone, Android, and BlackBerry with PhoneGap Enhancing Tools with JavaScript Creating Efficient Desktop Applications with Web Workers and the File API Colophon