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This book collects together recent results on large-scalestructures in non-linear science. Coherent states,convective and turbulent patterns, inverse cascades,interfaces and cooperative phenomena in fluids and plasmasare discussed, together with the implementation of conceptsof statistical mechanics to particle physics and nuclearmatter. Special attention is devoted to phenomena, such asmixing, which display macroscopicfeatures, even thoughgenerated by small-scale dynamical processes. In thiscontext, homoclinic structure, the KAM theorem, Lyapunovstability,and singularities are addressed. A newperturbative technique for classical and quantum fields andnew results concerning the analysis of hierarchiallyorganized objects are presented.The book should be attractive for a large audience includingengineers, mathematicians and physicists.