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Multiculturalism can be defined as a body of thought in political philosophy about the proper way to respond to cultural and religious diversity. It encompasses equal respect to the various cultures in a society, promotion of the maintenance of cultural diversity, and is characterised by preservation of the distinctiveness of multiple cultures that co-exist in the same society. Culturally, linguistically, religiously and ethnically, India is one of the most diverse countries in the world. Its long history, unique geography and diverse demography have shaped its culture. Its languages, literature, religions, dance, music, art, architecture and customs differ from place to place within the country, but still possess a commonality. India’s culture is an amalgamation of many diverse sub-cultures spread all over the subcontinent. In a multicultural society like India’s, imbibing the principles of tolerance, cultural pluralism and democracy is necessary. India had followed these principles as a way of life much before the Western nations declared multiculturalism as their state policy. Democracy as a political system became part of India’s cultural ethos after the achievement of Independence. India in fact offers a model of postmodern mosaic of diversity co-existing in its social, political and cultural matrix. The book studies multiculturalism in Indian society as evinced in Indian English Literature, taking up the works of well-known writers like Salman Rushdie, Khushwant Singh, Raja Rao, Arundhati Roy, Amitav Ghosh, Mahasweta Devi, and Rohinton Mistry, among others. It also takes up other pertinent topics like Shiva canon in Indian literatures, bhakti as a counter-cultural discourse, socio-cultural significance in nativism, contribution of Persian sufism in Indian literature, and Dalit literature. The book is based on a UGC-sponsored national seminar, “Multiculturalism in Indian Literatures” at Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana in 2012. Some of the articles presented at the seminar and invited papers form the content of the book. It will be useful for the students and teachers of Indian English Literature and Sociology, and researchers in these fields.