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On The Origin of Species is a book that has been a great influence on the natural sciences. It has also been an inspiration for literary, philosophical and religious thinkers. Summary of the Book For very long, people believed that living beings came to earth individually. However, Charles Darwin argued and proved that evolution of all species is what has helped them survive. He said that every living thing has learned to survive through the changing environments because of natural selection. On the Origin of Species was first published in 1859 and has since changed people’s understanding of the world. Darwin’s work also challenged the strong belief in divine creation. His book and work still continue to influence scholars in the field of philosophy, history, theology and economics. About Charles Darwin Charles Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his contribution to the theory of evolution. He came to the conclusion that all the species of life have descended from common ancestors. In a publication with Alfred Russel Wallace, he introduced the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution was a result of natural selection.