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In this laboratory textbook for students of organic chemistry, experiments are designed to utilize microscale glassware and equipment. The textbook features a large number of traditional organic reactions and syntheses, as well as the isolation of natural products and experiments with a biological or health sciences focus. Key Feature New focus on Green Chemistry has been added to introduce environmentally responsible laboratory methods. New material includes experiments, descriptions of "green" methods, and the essay, Green Chemistry For discovery-based learning needs, open-ended experiments are provided to allow students to "write" their own experimental procedures and make their own discoveries Essays and examples on contemporary topics spark student interest and engage them in the learning process Table of Contents PART I: Introduction to Basic Laboratory Techniques 1 Introduction to Microscale Laboratory 2 Solubility 3 Crystallization 4 Extraction 5 Chromatography 6 Simple and Fractional Distillation 7 Infrared Spectroscopy and Boiling-Point Determination Essay Aspirin 8 Acetylsalicylic Acid Essay Analgesics 9 Isolation of the Active Ingredient in an Analgesic Drug 10 Acetaminophen Essay Identification of Drugs 11. TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Essay Caffeine 12 Isolation of Caffeine from Tea or Coffee Essay Esters Flavors and Fragrances 13 Isopentyl Acetate (Banana Oil) Essay Terpenes and Phenylpropanoids 14 Essential Oils: Extraction of Oil of Cloves by Steam Distillation and Liquid Carbon Dioxide Essay Stereochemical Theory of Odor 15 Spearmint and Caraway Oil: (1)- and (2)-Carvones Essay The Chemistry of Vision 16 Isolation of Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Pigments from Spinach Essay Ethanol and Fermentation Chemistry 17 Ethanol from Sucrose PART II: Introduction to Molecular Modeling Essay Molecular Modeling and Molecular Mechanics 18 An Introduction to Molecular Modeling Essay Computational Chemistryab Initio and Semiempirical Methods