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This article is about the field of science. For other uses, see Physics (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Physical science. Various examples of physical phenomena Stylised atom with three Bohr model orbits and stylised nucleus. Physics Physics (from Ancient Greek: f?s??? (?p?st?µ?), romanized: physik? (epist?me), lit. 'knowledge of nature', from f?s?? phýsis 'nature') is the natural science that studies matter, its motion and behavior through space and time, and that studies the related entities of energy and force. Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, and its main goal is to understand how the universe behaves. Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines and, through its inclusion of astronomy, perhaps the oldest. Over much of the past two millennia, physics, chemistry, biology, and certain branches of mathematics, were a part of natural philosophy, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 17th century these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right.[b] Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms studied by other sciences and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy.