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Principles of Environmental Microbiology explores the vast diversity of microorganisms inhabiting soil, water, air, and extreme habitats, revealing their essential roles in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, and ecosystem stability. From microbial ecology and biogeochemical pathways to microbial interactions with pollutants and climate, the text presents a balanced fusion of foundational theory and applied science. It delves into critical environmental processes such as nitrogen fixation, carbon cycling, and wastewater treatment, emphasizing how microbes are key agents in maintaining environmental health and combating pollution. Cutting-edge topics like microbial biotechnology, biosensors, and the role of microbes in climate change mitigation are thoroughly discussed. Principles of Environmental Microbiology is a valuable asset for students, researchers, environmental scientists, and professionals in microbiology and ecology. It equips readers with both the scientific understanding and technical insights necessary to apply microbiological principles in environmental conservation, sustainable development, and bioremediation efforts across various ecosystems.