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The Andaman and Nicobar Group of Islands consisting of over 500 islands, islets and rocks, is situated in the Bay of Bengal about 1200 km. from the mainland of India. These islands have a long history which ever goes beyond the period when the British took control of Andaman Islands in 1790 and Nicobar Islands in 1869. The book deals mainly with the security of the Islands, claim for the autonomy and also the development of the Islands. The isolation and the remoteness of these islands from mainland India, once made these islands almost defenseless, and as a result these islands were prone to the conventional and non-conventional external threads. Sensing these the Government has made adequate arrangement for the protection of these islands and long coast line and EEZ by establishing all the three wings of defence, Air, Navy and Army and also Coast Guard. With the progress of these islands demands for the autonomy. Instead of the present administrative set-up, a section of the people is demanding Legislative Assembly for these Islands. Like other parts of India these islands are also progressing with the help of a number of development programmes covering different aspects of people's life. This book, possibly the only of its kind, particularly on these islands, provides enough knowledge to the readers about once very remote and inaccessible islands on above themes, and surely enrich the knowledge of the social scientists, defence policy makers, administrators, planners and even the public.