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This bestseller helps reader's master basic skills with its clear and easy-to-follow presentation of key concepts. It focuses on the important ideas of organic chemistry and backs them up with illustrations and challenging problems. The authors' acclaimed writing style makes this thorny subject easy to grasp and comprehend. The new edition brings the book to the forefront of the latest research developments. About the Author T. W. Graham Solomons did his undergraduate work at The Citadel and received his doctorate in organic chemistry in 1959 from Duke University where he worked with C. K. Bradsher. Following this he was a Sloan Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Rochester where he worked with V. Boekelheide. In 1960 he became a charter member of the faculty of the Univrsity of South Florida and became Professor of Chemistry in 1973. In 1992 he was made Professor Emeritus. In 1994 he was a visiting professor with the Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universite Rene Descartes (Paris V). He is a memeber of Sigma Xi, Phi Lambda Upsilon, and Sigma Pi Sigma. He has received research grants from the Research Corporation and the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund. For several years he was director of an NSF-sponsored Undergraduate Research Participation Program at USF. His research interests have been the areas of heterocyclic chemistry and unusual aromatic compounds. He has published papers in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, the Journal of Organic Chemistry, and the Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. He has received several awards for distinguished teaching. His organic chemistry textbooks have been widely used in 20 years and have been translated into Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Malaysian, Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish and Italian. Craig Barton Fryhle is Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Pacific Lutheran University. He earned his B.A. degree from Gettysburg College and Ph.D. from Brown University. Professor Fryhle's research interests relate to enzymes and metabolites of the shikimic acid pathway. His current research involves conformational studies of shikmate pathway substrates and analogues by molecular modeling and NMR spectrometry, and structure and reactivity studies of enzymes in the shikimic acid pathway. He has received research and instrumentation grants from the National Science Foundation, the M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust, and other private foundations. Professor Fryhle's work in chemical education has involved incorporation of active and computer-based learning strategies in organic chemistry, development of new experiments for undergraduate organic and instrumental analysis courses, and background work on the previous edition of this text. He is a volunteer with hands-on science programs in Seattle public schools. He was the 1999 Chair of the Puget Sound Section of the American Chemical Society. Table of Contents Introduction Solving the Puzzle- or - Structure Is Everything (Almost) Chapter 1 The Basics: Bonding and Molecular Structure Chapter 3 An Introduction to Organic Reactions and Their Mechanisms: Acids and Bases Chapter 4 Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Chapter 5 Stereochemistry: Chiral Molecules Chapter 6 Ionic Reactions-Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination of Alkyl Halides Chapter 7 Alkenes and Alkynes I: Properties and Synthesis. Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides Chapter 8 Alkyenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions Chapter 9 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry: Tools for Structure Determination Chapter 10 Radical Reactions Chapter 11 Alcohols and Ethers Chapter 12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds Chapter 13 Conjugated Unsaturated Systems Chapter 14 Aromatic Compounds Chapter 15 Reactions of Aromatic Compounds Chapter 16 Aldehydes and Keyones I: Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group Chapter 17 Aldehydes and Ketones II: Enols and Enolates Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives: Nucleophilic Addition- Elimination at the Acyl Carbon Chapter 19 Synthesis and Reactions of B-Dicarbonyl Compounds: More Chemistry of Enolates Chapter 20 Amines Chapter 21 Phenols and Aryl Halides: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Chapter 22 Carbohydrates Chapter 23 Lipids Chapter 24 Amino Acids and Proteins Chapter 25 Nucleic Acids and Prote