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"The Extermination of the American Bison" by William T. Hornaday is a landmark work in American conservation literature, documenting the near extinction of the American bison (Bison bison) in the 19th century. Hornaday, a prominent zoologist and conservationist, wrote the book to bring attention to the dramatic decline in bison populations, while also advocating for the preservation of the species.The book is divided into two main sections: the first is a scientific account of the bison, its physical characteristics, habits, and its role in the ecosystems of the Great Plains. Hornaday provides detailed descriptions of the bison’s behavior, social structure, and migratory patterns, drawing from both his personal observations and historical records.