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The Republic is a Socratic dialogue, written by Plato around 380 BC regarding the definition of justice, the order and character of the just city-state and the just man. It has been widely acknowledged as one of the world’s most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically. In it, Socrates along with various Athenians and foreigners, discuss the meaning of justice and examine whether or not the just man is happier than the unjust man. They consider a series of different cities coming into existence “in speech”, culminating in a city called Kallipolis, which is ruled by philosopher-kings. The participants also have discussion on the theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the roles of the philosopher in society. The Republic is most widely taught of Plato’s writings. Although it contains some dramatic moments and makes use of certain literary devices, it is not a play, a novel, or a story; it is also not an essay, in a strict sense. It is a kind of extended conversation that embraces a central argument advanced by the proponent Socrates. The Republic may be seen as a kind of debate, a fitting description for most of the dialogues. Plato’s intent in this book is to establish, philosophically, the ideal state, a state that would stand as a model for the existing or emerging societies functioning during Plato’s time and extending into the present times. The readers are to infer that any proposed changes in the policy of effecting justice in any state would have to meet the criteria of the ideal state: the Republic.