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"Unto This Last" is one of the essays within the book and serves as the centerpiece of Ruskin's economic philosophy. In this essay, Ruskin criticizes the prevailing economic theories of his time, which emphasized individual profit and material gain. He argues that these theories led to the exploitation of laborers, the degradation of society, and the erosion of moral values.Ruskin's alternative approach to political economy is rooted in a belief in the intrinsic value of work, craftsmanship, and the well-being of individuals and communities. He promotes the idea that economic activities should prioritize the welfare and dignity of workers and the equitable distribution of wealth. His ideas align with concepts of social justice, cooperation, and a rejection of the unchecked pursuit of material wealth.The essays in the book collectively form a critique of the industrial and capitalist systems that were prevalent during the Victorian era. Ruskin's writing reflects his concerns about the negative impact of unchecked capitalism on both individuals and society as a whole.