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Designed for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of physics, materials science and metallurgical engineering, this text explains the theory of X-ray diffraction starting from diffraction by an electron to that by an atom, a crystal, and finally ending with a diffraction by a conglomerate of atoms either in the single crystal or in the polycrystal stage. This Second Edition of the book includes a new chapter on Electron Diffraction as electron diffraction along with X-ray diffraction are complementary to each other and are also included in the curriculum. The book amply blends the theory with major applications of X-ray diffraction, including those of direct analysis of lattice defects by X-ray topography, orientation texture analysis, chemical analysis by diffraction as well as by fluorescence. Key Features Set of numerical problems along with solutions Details of some different experimental techniques Unsolved problems and Review Questions to grasp the concepts. About the Author S. K. Chatterjee, Ph.D., is Professor of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur. A member of various professional bodies like the Indian Institute of Metals and Materials Research Society of India, Dr. Chatterjee has presented several research papers during national and international conferences. Besides, he has published a number of articles in prestigious journals from India and abroad. Table of Contents Preface Preface to the First Edition Part I: THEORY 1. Basic Crystallography 2. Diffraction by X-ray 3. Scattering by an Aggregate of Atoms 4. Scattering by an Aggregate of Crystals 5. Diffraction Pattern from Imperfect Polycrystalline Sample 6. Effect of Temperature on Diffraction Pattern of a Crystal: Temperature Diffuse Scattering Part II: APPLICATIONS 7. Chemical Analysis by X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Fluorescence 8. Residual Stress and Its Determination by X-ray Diffraction 9. Determination of Phase Diagram by X-ray Diffraction 10. Surface Imperfection Study by X-ray Microscopy 11. Determination of Orientation Texture in Polycrystalline Material by X-ray Diffraction 12. Small Angle Scattering and Its Applications 13. Dynamical Theory of Perfect Crystals 14. Experimental Arrangements for Various Analyses 15. Electron Diffraction and Applications Epilogue Appendix Suggested Further Reading Index