3 Review(s)

Cell biology, Genetics & Plant BreedingContents UNIT- I. Cell BiologyIntroduction of Cell Biology1.The Cell Envelopsi)Cell WallDefinition, Morphology, Origin, Ultrastructure, Chemical Composition, Growth of Cell Wall & Function.ii)Plasma MembraneStructure (Bilayer lipid membrane) Functions-1)Transport (Passive & Active) 2)Cell Recognition & Adhesion 3)Antigen Specificity 4) Hormone Receptor 5)Secretion 6)Oxidative phosphorylation 7)Endocytosis & Exocytosis 8)Chemore Caption 9)Transmission2.Structure &Function of Cell Organellesi)Endoplasmic ReticulumDefinition, History, Occurrence, Morphology, Origin, Types, Ultrastructure, Chemical Composition & Functions.ii)Golgi ComplexDefinition, History, Nomenclature, Morphology (Size,Shape,Number & Position), Submicroscopic Organization (Cisternae,Tubules, Vesicles), Chemical Composition & Functions.iii)RibosomesDefinition, History, Occurrence, Morphology (number,Size,Shape), Structure, Types, Chemical Composition, Biogenesis of ribosomes & Functions.iv)Peroxisome Definition, History, Morphology, Functions.v)VacuolesDefinition, History, Morphology & Functions.vi)MitochondriaDefinition, History, Morphology, Ultrastructure, Chemical Composition, Mitochondrial inheritance (DNA & RNA) & Functions.vii)PlastidsDefinition, History, Types, Chloroplast-Morphology, Ultrastructure, Chemistry & Functions.viii)PlasmidsDefinition, Types, Replication & Combination in Plasmids, Uses (In genetic Engineering & Biotechnology) &PBR 3223.Structure & Functions of Nucleus Definition, Morphology (Position, Shape & Size) & Ultrastructurei)Nuclear EnvelopeNuclear Membrane, Perinuclear Space, Nuclear Pores, Annulus, Chemical Composition.ii)NucleolusStructure, Fibrils, Granules, Chromatin, Chemical Composition & Functioniii)Functions of Nucleolus4.ChromosomesDefinition, Morphology (Size, Shape & Number), Types, Ultrastructure, Heterochromatin, euchromatin, nucleosome model, sex chromosome chemical composition, functions & karyotype (human being).i)Special Types of Chromosomes (Polytene & Lampbrush)ii)Chromosomal aberrationsa)Structural alternationsb)Numerical aberrations5.Nucleic ACID (DNA & RNA)i)DNAii)RNAiii)Genetic Codeiv)Protein Structurev)Satellite & Repetitive DNA6.Cell DivisionUnit-II. Genetics1.Genetic Inheritance2.Genetic Interactioni)Allelic Gene interactionii)Non Allelic Gene Interaction3.Linkage4.Regulation of Gene Expressiona)Regulation in Prokaryotesb)Regulation in eukaryotes5.Gene Expression & Gene Function6.Mutation7.Genetic Variation8.Human Chromosomesa)Anomalies in autosomal Chromosomes in manb)Anomalies in sex Chromosomes in manUnit-III. Plant Breedingi)Introductionii)Aims & Objectives of Plant Breedingiii)Selection- Mass Selection, Pure Line Selection & Clonal Selectioniv)Hybridization-Definition, Objectives, Steps & Application Example, Breeding in Cotton NH-44v)Mutational Breeding-Objective, Procedure & Applications.