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This book is written on the basis of field study undertaken in two districts of Orissa namely Koraput and Rayagada. Both the districts come under schedule V and predominantly populated by scheduled tribes. Land problem have always influenced the livelihood of these tribes. Inspite of several protective legislations, the issues and problems relating to land still persist. Government intervention to ameliorate the socio-economic conditions arising out of these problems has been inadequate. Tribals have been subjected to persistent exploitation in different ways and land alienation is a principal factor. The rules, regulations and statutory control mechanisms have had little effect in the day-to-day lives of the people. The study in the nature of pilot intervention covered various methods. Based on the study, a set of recommendations have been formulated for reformatory action. About the Author Shri Karunakar Patnaik is a former civil servant who retired as Director of Panchayati Raj Department, Government of Orissa. With long experience spanning over thirty-five years in public service, he specialized both in rural and urban governance. Presently, he is the regional head of the Institute of Social Sciences, Bhubaneswar.