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Betel leaves, also known as paan in India, are glossy, heart-shaped leaves from the evergreen Piper betle vine. The leaves are broad, thick, and can be 5–20 centimeters long. They are bright or dark green with a reticulate venation and an oblique base. Betel leaves are aromatic and have a phenolic odor that's similar to tar or smoke, and to some Chinese teas and mate leaves. Betel leaves are cultivated in many tropical and subtropical countries, including India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and West Bengal. They thrive in fertile, well-drained soil that's rich in humus and are propagated by stem cuttings. Betel leaves have many uses, including:Chewing: In some countries, betel leaves are chewed with slaked lime.Herbal medicine: Betel leaves have digestive, stimulant, and carminative properties, and they also act as an antioxidant.Prayers: In some countries, betel leaves are used in prayers.Perfumery: Betel leaf oil can be used as a base in perfumes.