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Soil that is rich in nutrients is referred to as "fertile." Fertile soil can be formed naturally or artificially through the use of manures or artificial fertilizers. Physical, chemical, or biological factors can influence soil fertility, which in turn affects plant development. Effective management of soil nutrients is necessary since they are essential to human survival. By supplying the soil with additional nutrients, fertilization improves soil quality, productivity, and profitability. Soil animals aid in the construction of soil structure by forming pores and channels, aggregating small soil particles, and breaking and blending organic substances into the soil. There is a favourable correlation between soil fertility and plant and animal biodiversity. Evaluation of soil fertility using different methods is a vital component of sustainable agriculture since it has a direct effect on crop yield and the overall well-being of the ecosystem. The fertility of the soil is essential for the sustainable production of agricultural products hence to maintain soil fertility and provide high production for economic sustainability, it is necessary to ensure implementation of effective soil management practises.