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Unique for combining knowledge on thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, this book is an extensive guide for higher level research in Physics. It is noted for its presentation of a wide spectrum of knowledge, covering over a decade of research, in a concise format. The book is divided into three parts. Part one covers General Principles of Classical Thermodynamics including The Conditions of Equilibrium, Maxwell Relations, First-Order Phase Transitions, The Nernst Postulate, and Irreversible Thermodynamics. Part two introduces Statistical Mechanics with chapters on The Canonical Formalism, Statistical Mechanics in Helmholtz Representation, Entropy and Disorder, Quantum Fluids, etc. The last part titled Foundations has a chapter on Symmetry and the Conceptual Foundations of Thermostatistics, while the rest of the section is dedicated to various appendices and references. Herbert B. Callen was a noted American physicist of the late twentieth century. He is best remembered for his proof of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem which explains how electricity flows. He received his PhD in Physics from MIT in 1947, after which he started teaching at the University of Pennsylvania. His book Thermodynamics And An Introduction To Thermostatistics is one of the most widely referred books on the subject, studied by Physics students across the world even today. In acknowledgment of his long and successful career in Physics, he was inducted into the prestigious National Academy of Sciences in 1990.